This study uses a horizon scan methodology to examine how changes in the future of work could impact workers experiencing vulnerability. The researchers synthesized diverse sources of evidence to identify nine key trend categories:
- Digital transformation of the economy
- AI/ML-enhanced automation
- AI-enabled human resource management systems
- Skill requirements for the future of work
- Globalization 4.0
- Climate change and the green economy
- Gen Z workers and the work environment
- Populism and the future of work
- External shocks accelerating changes (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic)
The study found that these trends could create both challenges and opportunities for vulnerable workers. Challenges include potential job displacement, wage depression, and exclusion from growth opportunities. However, some trends could also create new job opportunities or more inclusive work environments.
The authors highlight that the future of work represents an emerging public health concern, as exclusion from labor markets could widen existing social and health inequities. They call for tailored supports that are resilient to changes in the nature and availability of work to ensure vulnerable workers are not left behind.
The study concludes by emphasizing the need for further research on specific vulnerable groups and the development of policies to address fragmentation in the future of work.